@article{3,
  keywords = {wind erosion, dust emission, dust models, dust forecasting},
  author = {Bing Pu and Paul Ginoux and Huan Guo and N Hsu and J Kimball and B Marticorena and Sergey Malyshev and Vaishali Naik and N O{\textquoteright}Neill and C Garcia-Pando and J Prospero and Elena Shevliakova and Ming Zhao},
  title = {Retrieving the global distribution of threshold of wind erosion from satellite data and implementing it into the GFDL AM4.0/LM4.0 model},
  abstract = { <p>Dust emission is initiated when surface wind velocities exceed the threshold of wind erosion. Most dust models used constant threshold values globally. Here we use satellite products to characterize the frequency of dust events and surface properties. By matching this frequency derived from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Deep Blue aerosol products with surface winds, we are able to retrieve a climatological monthly global distribution of wind erosion threshold (Vthreshold) over dry and sparsely-vegetated surface. This monthly two-dimensional threshold velocity is then implemented into the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory coupled land-atmosphere model (AM4.0/LM4.0). It is found that the climatology of dust optical depth (DOD) and total aerosol optical depth, surface PM10 dust concentrations, and seasonal cycle of DOD are better captured over the dust belt (i.e. North Africa and the Middle East) by simulations with the new wind erosion threshold than those using the default globally constant threshold. The most significant improvement is the frequency distribution of dust events, which is generally ignored in model evaluation. By using monthly rather than annual mean Vthreshold, all comparisons with observations are further improved. The monthly global threshold of wind erosion can be retrieved under different spatial resolutions to match the resolution of dust models and thus can help improve the simulations of dust climatology and seasonal cycle as well as dust forecasting.</p>
 },
  year = {2020},
  journal = {Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics},
  volume = {20},
  pages = {55-81},
  month = {Jan 2020},
  doi = {10.5194/acp-20-55-2020},
  language = {eng},
}